Predictive value of both irisin and apelin for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Abstract

Irisin is skeletal muscle-derived peptide, the expression of which is under close control of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator 1α. Apelin is a peptide having positive inotrope ability and acting as an autocrine regulator of cardiac and vascular reparation. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of the study was to investigate whether serum levels of both irisin and apelin predict HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in patients with T2DM.