Main mechanisms of thrombotic complications among patients with community-acquired pneumonia combinedwith coronavirus infection

Abstract

The review article is devoted to the pathogenesis of complications in patients with community-acquired pneumonia associated with coronavirus infection. The current understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and the progression of COVID-19 indicates complex changes in the neurohumoral status. Understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms of complications in patients with COVID-19 makes it possible to select biomarkers for risk stratification and understand the clinical context of the disease. The aim of the study: to determine the main mechanisms of thrombotic complications in patients with community-acquired pneumonia associated with coronavirus infection. Materials and methods: using the Internet resources of scientometric databases PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS, a retrospective analysis of the literature on this topic for the period 2020-2024 was carried out. Results: A persistent inflammatory state in severe and critically ill patients with COVID-19 is an important trigger of the coagulation cascade. It is important to remember that thrombotic complications are a sign of severe COVID-19 disease and are associated with multiple organ failure and increased mortality. Therefore, the literature review identified the main pathogenetic mechanisms of complications in patients with COVID-19, which allowed us to select the appropriate laboratory tests necessary to predict the course of the disease. An understanding of the pathophysiology of COVID-19 in terms of immune-mediated inflammation and endothelial dysfunction makes it possible to include more appropriate adjunctive treatments in the patient management regimen.