Гендерные различия данных ЭКГ у бегунов на дистанции 400 метров

Abstract

At the beginning of the preparatory period of the training process, 131 ECGs (60 women and 71 men) were analyzed and compared to runners at a distance of 400 m at the age of 13 to 30 years, qualifications from grade III to MSMK. The data of 12 women and 15 men of the MS–MSMK level, 11 women and 19 men of the CCM level, 13 runners and 16 runners of the 1st category, as well as 24 runners and 21 runners of the II–III grade were compared, which did not differ significantly by age. The comparison showed the absence of reliable differences in the correctness of the heart rate, voltage, the number of persons with a normal position of the electrical axis of the heart, heart rate in the range of 61–79 beats/min; While in women there were more persons with respiratory arrhythmia (p = 0.028) and with reduced voltage (p = 0.0001). Bradycardia was less common in women (38.3%) than in men (57.7%, p = 0.021). Changes in ECG were recorded with the same frequency in runners (43.3%) and runners (56.3%, p = 0.138). Of the total number of ECG changes, there were statistically more signs of MCPFR in runners (19.2% vs. 10%, p = 0.0003), SRHD (55% vs. 34.6%, p = 0.009) and lower atrial rhythm (10% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.0001) for men. The SADR of runners at 400 m is found in 23.7% (6.9% for women and 16.8% for men), and for NBPNG – 13% (4.6% for women and 8.4% for men). After physical exertion in the form of a submaximal PWC170 test, normalization of ECG was observed in athletes with lower atrial rhythm and ECG–signs of CAMPF. Runners with CLC syndrome and NBPVLPGH did not show pathological changes according to echocardiography, and the presence of NBP and GRP should be considered as features of ECG in this category of athletes.